The Australian Terrier, or “Aussie,” is a hidden gem. He is often confused with the Yorkshire Terrier or the Cairn Terrier, but he is a distinct breed with a personality all his own. Developed in the harsh Australian outback, he is tougher, more rugged, and longer in the body than his British cousins.

This is a true working terrier. He was bred to be an all-purpose farm dog: killing rats and snakes, guarding the homestead, and tending sheep. Today, he is a delightful companion who retains that fearless, “can-do” attitude. He is small enough to be a lap dog but sturdy enough to be a hiking buddy. If you want a big dog in a small package, the Australian Terrier is the breed for you.

History and Origin: The Pioneer’s Pal

The Australian Terrier holds the distinction of being the first native breed to be recognized and shown in Australia (1868). His history is intimately linked to the rugged British settlers who arrived in Australia in the early 19th century. These pioneers faced a harsh, unforgiving landscape and needed a dog that could handle it. They brought with them several types of rough-coated working terriers from Scotland and England, including the ancestors of the Cairn, Dandie Dinmont, Irish, Skye, and Yorkshire Terriers.

Once in Australia, these imported dogs were crossed with local dogs to create a tough, resilient little terrier perfectly suited to the Australian conditions. The goal was to produce a fearless exterminator. The Aussie was prized above all for his ability to kill snakes. His lightning-fast reflexes and courageous nature made him invaluable to early settlers who lived in constant danger from venomous reptiles. He would leap into the air to avoid a strike and then land on the snake to kill it. Beyond snake control, he was an all-purpose farm hand, guarding the homestead, killing rats in the barn, and even herding sheep when needed.

The breed was recognized by the AKC in 1960, bringing a piece of the Australian outback to American homes.

Physical Characteristics

The Aussie is a small, sturdy dog with a harsh coat. He is longer than he is tall.

• Height: 10-11 inches (25-28 cm).
• Weight: 15-20 pounds (7-9 kg).

Distinctive Features

• Coat: A double coat. The outer coat is harsh and straight, about 2.5 inches long. It forms a protective ruff around the neck (the “apron”) to protect against snake bites. The topknot on the head is soft and silky.
• Colors: Blue and tan, solid sandy, or solid red.
• Head: Long and flat, with small, erect ears set high on the skull.
• Eyes: Small, dark, and keen.
• Tail: Docked or natural. Carried erect.

Temperament and Personality: The Boss

Like all terriers, the Aussie has a big personality.

The Bossy Boots

He is confident and self-assured. He will happily boss around dogs ten times his size. He is not aggressive, but he will not back down from a challenge.

The Watchdog

He is an excellent watchdog. He is alert and will bark at anything suspicious. However, he is generally friendly with people once introduced.

The Affectionate Companion

He bonds closely with his family. He is affectionate and loves to be involved in everything. He is good with children who respect him.

Training and Exercise Needs

Exercise

The Aussie is an active dog.

• Daily: A couple of brisk walks and some playtime in the yard are needed.
• Earthdog: He excels in Earthdog trials, where he can use his natural instinct to hunt rodents underground.

Training

He is smart but stubborn.

• Positive Reinforcement: Use treats and praise.
• Socialization: Essential to prevent dog aggression.
• Digging: He loves to dig. Provide a designated digging spot.

Health and Lifespan

Australian Terriers are generally healthy, living 12 to 15 years.

• Luxating Patella: Slipping kneecaps.
• Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease: Hip condition.
• Diabetes: Can be prone to diabetes.
• Allergies: Skin allergies are common.

Grooming and Care: Rugged and Ready

The Australian Terrier is a low-maintenance breed, designed to look natural and rugged.

• Brushing: A good weekly brushing with a stiff bristle brush is usually enough to keep the coat clean and healthy. This removes dead hair and distributes skin oils.
• Hand-Stripping: To maintain the correct hard, weather-resistant texture and rich color of the coat, it should be “hand-stripped” (plucking dead hair by hand) rather than clipped. Clipping softens the coat and dulls the color, which is undesirable for show dogs but acceptable for pets.
• Bathing: Bathing should be done only when necessary (e.g., after rolling in something smelly). Frequent bathing softens the harsh coat and strips natural oils that protect the skin.
• Trimming: The only trimming needed is around the feet (to give a tidy appearance), the ears (to keep them neat), and occasionally the tail. The “topknot” on the head is usually left natural but kept out of the eyes.

Nutrition

Aussies have healthy appetites.

• Portion Control: Measure food to prevent obesity.
• Treats: Use healthy treats.

Is an Australian Terrier Right for You?

The Australian Terrier is a wonderful companion for the right person.

Yes, if:

• You want a small, sturdy dog with a big personality.
• You live in an apartment or house.
• You don’t mind some barking and digging.
• You want a loyal, affectionate friend.

No, if:

• You want a quiet lap dog.
• You have small pets (rodents) that run loose.
• You want a dog that obeys instantly.
• You are not prepared to be the boss.

For those who appreciate the terrier spirit in a manageable package, the Australian Terrier is a true blue mate.