The Lowchen (pronounced Lerv-chun) is a dog that lives up to his name—translated from German, it means “Little Lion.” But despite the fierce moniker and the traditional haircut that makes him look like the King of the Jungle, the Lowchen is a lover, not a fighter.

He is a member of the Bichon family (related to the Havanese and Bichon Frise), but he has a distinct personality all his own. He is robust, outgoing, and surprisingly sporty for a toy breed. If you want a dog that looks like a lion, acts like a clown, and loves like a golden retriever, the rare and wonderful Lowchen might be your perfect match.

History and Origin: The Renaissance Dog

The Lowchen is an ancient European breed with a history that reads like a fairy tale. He has been the companion of choice for the aristocracy for over 500 years. If you visit the Louvre or look at tapestries from the 15th century, you will see little dogs with lion cuts frolicking at the feet of ladies in court.

The “Comforter” Dog

In medieval times, these little dogs served a practical purpose. They were “comforters” and footwarmers. The distinctive Lion Cut—shaved hindquarters and a full mane—wasn’t just a fashion statement. The shorn skin allowed the dog to act as a living hot water bottle in cold castles, while the mane kept the dog’s vital organs warm.

The Rarest Dog in the World

Despite his long history, the breed nearly vanished in the 20th century. Parameters changed, and the World Wars decimated dog breeding in Europe. By 1960, the Guinness Book of World Records listed the Lowchen as the rarest dog in the world, with fewer than 70 individuals known to exist. Thanks to the dedication of a few breeders, specifically Madame Bennert in Belgium, the breed was saved from extinction, though it remains rare today.

Physical Characteristics: A Big Dog in a Small Package

The Lowchen is a compact, balanced little dog. He is not fragile or dainty.

• Height: 12–14 inches (30-36 cm).
• Weight: 10–15 pounds (4.5-6.8 kg).

The Lion Cut

This is the breed’s trademark.

• The Look: The hindquarters, tail (except for a plume at the tip), and legs (except for “cuffs” around the ankles) are shaved close to the skin. The rest of the coat is left long and natural.
• The Natural Coat: If left unclipped, the Lowchen has a long, flowing, wavy coat that is soft and silky. Many pet owners keep their dogs in a “puppy cut” (short all over) for easier maintenance.
• Colors: They come in every color and combination imaginable, from black and white to chocolate, cream, and apricot.

The Head

He has a short, broad muzzle and a wide skull. His eyes are dark and full of expression, often described as having an “expectant” look—as if he is waiting for you to do something fun.

Temperament and Personality

The Lowchen is an optimist. He wakes up every morning assuming it’s going to be the best day ever.

The Fearless Lion

He has a big-dog personality. He is not yappy or nervous like some toy breeds. He will bark to announce a visitor, but he typically welcomes strangers as new friends once they are introduced. He is brave and will stand his ground, but he is fundamentally gentle.

The Family Clown

He loves to make people laugh. He is playful, mischievous, and affectionate. He gets along famously with children and other pets, including cats. he is sturdy enough to handle respectful play but gentle enough to be a lap dog.

Intelligence

He is smart and learns quickly. He excels in obedience and agility because he wants to work with you. However, he can have a stubborn streak if he thinks your training methods are boring or unfair.

Training and Exercise Needs

Exercise: Surprisingly Active

Don’t let the toy size fool you. The Lowchen is an athletic dog.

• Daily Needs: He needs a good walk and some playtime every day. He loves long hikes and can keep up with much larger dogs.
• Agility: He is a star on the agility course. His jumping ability and speed are impressive for his size.

Training: Keep it Fun

• Positive Reinforcement: He wilts under harsh correction. Use treats, toys, and praise.
• Barking: He can be vocal (he is a watchdog, after all). Teach the “Quiet” command early.
• Socialization: While naturally friendly, early socialization ensures he remains confident and outgoing in all situations.

Health and Lifespan

The Lowchen is generally a very healthy breed, often living 13 to 15 years or more. Because the gene pool was so small in the 1960s, breeders have been very careful about health testing.

• Patellar Luxation: Slipping kneecaps can occur.
• Eye Issues: Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) and cataracts are sometimes seen.
• Hip Dysplasia: Rare, but possible.

Grooming and Care

If You Choose the Lion Cut

• Maintenance: This requires professional grooming every 4 to 6 weeks to keep the shaved areas clean and the mane shaped. You will need to brush the long hair weekly to prevent mats.
• Sun Protection: The shaved skin can get sunburned in the summer and cold in the winter. He may need a sweater or sunscreen.

If You Choose the Puppy Cut

• Maintenance: Much easier. A trip to the groomer every 6-8 weeks for a trim, and a weekly brush-through at home.
• Shedding: The Lowchen is a low-shedding breed. he is often considered hypoallergenic, making him a good choice for people with mild allergies.

Is a Lowchen Right for You?

The Lowchen is a hidden gem in the dog world.

Yes, if:

• You want a happy, sturdy toy dog. You want a small dog that isn’t fragile.
• You live in an apartment. He adapts well to small spaces as long as he gets walked.
• You want a rare breed. You enjoy having a dog that starts conversations.
• You have allergies. His low-shedding coat is a plus.

No, if:

• You want a cheap dog. Rare breeds can be expensive to purchase and require professional grooming.
• You want a guard dog. He is a visual deterrent, not a physical one.
• You leave the dog outside. He is a companion animal who needs to be with his family.
• You are embarrassed by the haircut. (Though you can always choose a puppy cut!)

If you can find one, the Lowchen will fill your life with laughter and love. He is a little lion with a heart of gold, a fearless spirit, and an endless capacity for joy.